Google: Agents Companion

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This technical document, the Agents Companion, explores the advancements in generative AI agents, highlighting their architecture composed of models, tools, and an orchestration layer, moving beyond traditional language models.

It emphasizes Agent Ops as crucial for operationalizing these agents, drawing parallels with DevOps and MLOps while addressing agent-specific needs like tool management.

The paper thoroughly examines agent evaluation methodologies, covering capability assessment, trajectory analysis, final response evaluation, and the importance of human-in-the-loop feedback alongside automated metrics. Furthermore, it discusses the benefits and challenges of multi-agent systems, outlining various design patterns and their application, particularly within automotive AI.

Finally, the Companion introduces Agentic RAG as an evolution in knowledge retrieval and presents Google Agentspace as a platform for developing and managing enterprise-level AI agents, even proposing the concept of "Contract adhering agents" for more robust task execution.

• Agent Ops is Essential: Building successful agents requires more than just a proof-of-concept; it necessitates embracing Agent Ops principles, which integrate best practices from DevOps and MLOps, while also focusing on agent-specific elements such as tool management, orchestration, memory, and task decomposition.
• Metrics Drive Improvement: To build, monitor, and compare agent revisions, it is critical to start with business-level Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and then instrument agents to track granular metrics related to critical tasks, user interactions, and agent actions (traces). Human feedback is also invaluable for understanding where agents excel and need improvement.
• Automated Evaluation is Key: Relying solely on manual testing is insufficient. Implementing automated evaluation frameworks is crucial to assess an agent's core capabilities, its trajectory (the steps taken to reach a solution, including tool use), and the quality of its final response. Techniques like exact match, in-order match, and precision/recall are useful for trajectory evaluation, while autoraters (LLMs acting as judges) can assess final response quality.
• Human-in-the-Loop is Crucial: While automated metrics are powerful, human evaluation provides essential context, particularly for subjective aspects like creativity, common sense, and nuance. Human feedback should be used to calibrate and validate automated evaluation methods, ensuring alignment with desired outcomes and preventing the outsourcing of domain knowledge.
• Multi-Agent Systems Offer Advantages: For complex tasks, consider leveraging multi-agent architectures. These systems can enhance accuracy through cross-checking, improve efficiency through parallel processing, better handle intricate problems by breaking them down, increase scalability by adding specialized agents, and improve fault tolerance. Understanding different design patterns like sequential, hierarchical, collaborative, and competitive is important for choosing the right architecture for a given application.